Credits & Sources

Photos

Photos in the Guide come from Wikimedia Commons. They were resized for the web; no other changes were made.

• Oriental hornet feeding on prickly pear — by Zeynel Cebeci, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Original
• Hornets at a nest in a rock crevice — by Kreta, licensed Public domain. Original
• Comb from an oriental hornet nest — by Zeynel Cebeci, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Original

Information sources

• Wild Plants of Malta and Gozo — Vespa orientalis (Oriental Hornet)
  Used for: Classification, size and diet.
• Environment and Resources Authority (ERA) — BioSnippet 60: Oriental Hornet
  Used for: Appearance, native status in Malta, population history, diet and behaviour towards people.
• Albanozzo, M. (2021). The status of Vespa orientalis in Malta: a preliminary study. University of Malta
  Used for: Active season and distribution in Malta.

Safety and hive-protection tips in the Guide are general advice; please follow guidance from licensed pest controllers and the authorities.

Map

Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, shown with Leaflet.

Reports

All hornet, nest, hive damage and intervention reports are submitted by members of the public.